| Popis |
In the lecture we present the results of Czech part of the international survey Hope Barometer and we focus on the relationships between hope and depression. Depression has become major psychological problem in developed countries (Seligman, 2011). In this study we revealed the predictors of depression in Czech sample (N=753, 80% females, 20% males, aged between 15 and 80) and examined protective role of hope. We compared the findings with results for other involved countries: Switzerland, Germany and France. We measured depression (PHQ-4, Kroenke et al, 2003), dispositional hope (ATHS, Snyder et al.,1991), perceived hope (Krafft, 2014), optimism and pessimism(Scheier et al., 1994), self-efficacy (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1993), gratitude (McCullough, Emmons & Tsang, 2002), meaning in life (Steger et al., 2006), quality of relationships (PWBS, Ryff, 1989) and life satisfaction (Diener et al., 1985). We used SPSS for data analysis. The correlation analysis revealed significant correlations (p<0.01) between all variables of interest. Hierarchical linear regression (p<0.01) revealed that Life satisfaction, Perceived hope and Meaningfulness are main independent predictors of depression in Czech sample. Together with Gratitude and Pessimism they explain 40% of variance of depression. Mediation analyses revealed direct effect of dispositional hope on depression (b= -.12, p<0.001) but its indirect effect through perceived hope was larger (b= -.24, p<0.001). Our findings support the distinction between concepts of Perceived hope and Dispositional hope.
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