Exclusion from Social Relations in Later Life : Micro- and Macro-Level Patterns and Correlations in a European Perspective

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Publikace nespadá pod Filozofickou fakultu, ale pod Fakultu sociálních studií. Oficiální stránka publikace je na webu muni.cz.
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HANSEN Thomas PETROVÁ KAFKOVÁ Marcela KATZ Ruth LOWENSTEIN Ariela NAIM Sigal PAVLIDIS George VILLAR Feliciano WALSH Kieran AARTSEN Marja

Rok publikování 2021
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Fakulta sociálních studií

Citace
www article - open access
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312418
Klíčová slova social exclusion; social relationships; older adults; Europe; SHARE data; gender
Přiložené soubory
Popis Older adults face particular risks of exclusion from social relationships (ESR) and are especially vulnerable to its consequences. However, research so far has been limited to specific dimensions, countries, and time points. In this paper, we examine the prevalence and micro- and macro-level predictors of ESR among older adults (60+) using two waves of data obtained four years apart across 14 European countries in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). We consider four ESR indicators (household composition, social networks, social opportunities, and loneliness) and link them to micro-level (age, gender, socioeconomic factors, health, and family responsibilities) and national macro-level factors (social expenditures, unmet health needs, individualism, social trust, and institutional trust). Findings reveal a northwest to southeast gradient, with the lowest rates of ESR in the stronger welfare states of Northwest Europe. The high rates of ESR in the southeast are especially pronounced among women. Predictably, higher age and fewer personal resources (socioeconomic factors and health) increase the risk of all ESR dimensions for both genders. Macro-level factors show significant associations with ESR beyond the effect of micro-level factors, suggesting that national policies and cultural and structural characteristics may play a role in fostering sociability and connectivity and, thus, reduce the risk of ESR in later life.
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