Falcons amongst Eagles. The Art of the Sokol Movement in the Czech and Polish lands (1862–1938)
| Autoři | |
|---|---|
| Rok publikování | 2024 |
| Druh | Další prezentace na konferencích |
| Fakulta / Pracoviště MU | |
| Citace | |
| Popis | No sports organisation changed the Czech lands as the Sokol did. This gymnastic movement, which is still active today, was founded in 1862 in Prague (in former Austria-Hungary) by Miroslav Tyrš and Jindřich Fügner on the model of the German Turners. The fundamental idea, formulated by the philosopher, aesthetician, and art historian Miroslav Tyrš, combined the ideal of Greek kalokagathia, the then-groundbreaking Darwinism and the idea of Slavic reciprocity. Sokol, initially a paramilitary but democratic and liberal society, took a significant part in forming independent Czechoslovakia in 1918 and soon grew in popularity – after the Second World War, it had more than a million members. The paper will focus on the various forms of visual promotion used by the Sokol since its beginnings: from representative festive costumes to posters for their mass gym festivals (called “slets”) and their unique iconography, as well as monuments in public space or architecture – there were around 1300 Sokol gym halls built in the Czech lands, many of which still serve their purpose today. The Sokol idea quickly spread to other cities and countries – the first Polish Sokol was founded in Lviv (today’s Ukraine) in 1867. The second half of the paper will be devoted to the situation of the Sokol movement in the Polish lands. Was the organisation as popular as in Bohemia? Were the works of art different there? And how did the Catholic Church play into this? |