Changing evolutionary drivers in contemporary language development in Central Asia
| Autoři | |
|---|---|
| Rok publikování | 2024 |
| Druh | Další prezentace na konferencích |
| Fakulta / Pracoviště MU | |
| Citace | |
| Popis | This paper was addressing the topic of growing speed of evolutionary changes in contemporary language development. Especially the changes in the structure of involved drivers were analyzed through comparison of mediaeval and newest conditions of Central Asian population units. While in premodern world, 1) the drivers of language development were centered around the local communities, 2) with distinction between the city and the countryside, and also 3) religious institutions were influencing family life, and 4) were directly responsible for literacy and language spread. But now the newest conditions are connected to systematic change in all mentioned drivers. Administrative centralization, globalized communication and new technologies are connected to significant change in linguistic map, because direct forms of communication and an access to new media is erasing the difference between the use and spread of language in the city and in the countryside. Another important factor is that with an exception of Islam in the Middle East, religious institutions already do not play dominant role and do not shape linguistic environment like in the premodern world, where religion was connected to literacy. In more detailed focus on Central Asia, this changing linguistic landscape is still connected to continuing influence of traditional Central Asian informal institutions. Regarding the significance of research, the interactions of communities with an impact of inequality for example accompanying interstate ethnic (e.g. transboundary Kazakh) migrations should serve as both important data-source, and also a target of particular language policies in these changing conditions in Central Asia. Namely political unification and introduction of centralized governance in the 19th and 20th centuries turned Central Asian communities to strongly modified model of language spread. Introduction of Cyrilic, schoolsystem based on Russian and especially digital technologies and media changed patterns from local and elderly linguistics authorities to the growing role of public broadcasting in capital cities and provincial capitals which is now accessible even in remote countryside. Similarly mobile phones are bringing the language of the capital directly to the individuals in villages totally changing spheres of influence and patterns of linguistic exchange. Local traditional institutions and sources of linguistic transfer and innovation are sometimes still active, but newly less dominant and less formative in comparison to central political institutions and influence of new digital technologies. |
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