Passive sampling: An effective method for monitoring seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved hydrophobic organic contaminants and metals in the Danube river

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Authors

VRANA Branislav KLUCAROVA Veronika BENICKA Eva ABOU-MRAD Ninette AMDANY Robert Kipruto HORAKOVA Sona DRAXLER Astrid HUMER Franko GANS Oliver

Year of publication 2014
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Environmental Pollution
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.018
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.018
Field Water pollution and control
Keywords Danube; Free dissolved concentration; Persistent organic pollutants; Metals; Passive sampling
Description Application of passive samplers is demonstrated for assessment of temporal and spatial trends of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and priority metals in the middle stretch of the Danube river. Free dissolved concentrations of PAHs, measured using SPMD samplers, ranged from 5 to 72 ng/L. Dissolved PCBs in water were very low and they ranged from 5 to 16 pg/L. Concentration of mercury, cadmium, lead and nickel, measured using DGT samplers, were relatively constant along the monitored Danube stretch and in the range less than 0,1; 1-20; 18-74; and 173 -544 ng/L, respectively. Concentrations of PAHs decreased with increasing temperature, which reflects the seasonality in emissions to water. This has an implication for the design of future monitoring programs aimed at assessment of long term trends. For such analysis time series should be constructed of data from samples collected always in the same season of the year.
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