Interspecific hybrids Trifolium pratense x Trifolium medium as the source of new diverzity
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| Year of publication | 2013 |
| Type | Conference abstract |
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| Description | Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is very important forage crop from the leguminous family. It is an allogamous diploid with a 418 Mb genome. T. pratense is a high-quality fodder crop but shows a low persistency, which may be overcome by hybridisation with species that produce rhizomes. Hybrids between T. pratense (2n = 4x = 28) and T. medium (2n = 8x = 64) have been previously obtained by embryo rescue. The aim of this study was to evaluate interspecific variability of hybrids on the cytological level and on the phenotypic level via 16 characteristics. Plants of 99 families in two breeding nurseries had comparable chromosome numbers in five groups: 2n = 28 (76 and 66% of plants), bellow of 28 chromosomes (8.5 and 6.4% of plants), 2n = 29, 30 (15 and 26% of plants), 2n = 31, 40 (0.4 and 1.2% of plants) and 2n = 41 to 46 (0.1 and 0.3% of plants). The phenotypic characteristics were evaluated in three years. There were significant differences between the hybrids and T. pratense in nearly all of the analysed characteristics. Short rhizomes were observed in the hybrids after the harvest of the plants in the second harvest year. The variability useful in breeding was significantly increased in resulting genotypes, therefore they were used as new breeding material and new variety Pramedi has been applied for grant of plant variety rights. |
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