Evolution and genetic variability of the Carassius auratus complex
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| Year of publication | 2016 |
| Type | Conference abstract |
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| Description | The Carassius auratus complex is invasive species (originates from East Asia) entered in the rivers of the Czech Republic in 1975. C. gibelio is very unique cyprinid fish species with dual form of reproductive strategies. Sexual gonochoristic pathway and asexual pathway so-called gynogenesis. Gynogenetic is a special reproduction strategies without the fusion of the egg and sperm nuclein to produce a mother clone with triple chromosomal set. In our study, we focused on the comparison of selected aspects of fish physiology, specific and nonspecific immunity (such as the activity of phagocytes, complement, lysozyme and IgM antibodies as part of specific immunity), as well as load parasites to explain the evolutionary strategies of this diploid-polyploid complex Carassius auratus. Finally, we focused on the genetic variability among diploid (sexual) population and polyploid (gynogenetic) females. Fish individuals were caught in the selected locality in the connecting channels Lednice-South Moravia situated on the Dyje River. Samples were collected in august for four consecutive years. This fish species is classified into Carassius auratus complex, which consists of a total of 16 haplotypes. Using molecular analysis of selected control region mitochondrial DNA (D-loop), we compiled a haplotype tree of this complex, which is divided into Carassius auratus auratus, C. auratus gibelio, C. auratus M line and C. auratus langsdorfi. The study of genetic variability revealed the majority of specimen belong to the Carassius auratus gibelio in 96% (haplotype G02), Carassius auratus auratus 2%, Carassius auratus M line 1% and Carassius auratus langsdorfi 0.5% and were described 8 groups metazoan parasites with the largest proportion of class Monogenea. Results of this study showed no significant difference in parasite abundance, intensity of infection between diploid populations and triploid females only in diploid males were revealed significantly lower abundance for phylum Nematodes. Our analyzes revealed significant difference in IgM for 3n females in specific immunity. Concerning the hematological parameters, only erythrocyte count was clearly affected by ploidy status and hematocrit was influenced by sex. Future plans: To analyse MHC variability and the selection pressure acting on MHC genes in sexual diploids and gynogenetic triploids. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by the Czech Science Foundation; project No. P505/12/0375. AVŠ and TP were partially supported by ECIP (European Centre of IchthyoParasitology); Centre of excellence program, project No. P505/12/G112 |
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