The global biogeography of polyploid plants

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Authors

RICE Anna ŠMARDA Petr NOVOSLOV Maria DRORI Michael GLICK Lior SABATH Niv MEIRI Shai BELMARKER Jonathan MAYROSE Itay

Year of publication 2019
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Nature Ecology and Evolution
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-018-0787-9
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0787-9
Keywords plant polyploidy; biogeography; global distribution; latitudinal gradient
Description Deciphering the global distribution of polyploid plants is fundamental for understanding plant evolution and ecology. Many factors have been hypothesized to affect the uneven distribution of polyploid plants across the globe. Nevertheless, the lack of large comparative datasets has restricted such studies to local floras and to narrow taxonomical scopes, limiting our understanding of the underlying drivers of polyploid plant distribution. We present a map portraying the worldwide polyploid frequencies, based on extensive spatial data coupled with phylogeny-based polyploidy inference for tens of thousands of species. This allowed us to assess the potential global drivers affecting polyploid distribution. Our data reveal a clear latitudinal trend, with polyploid frequency increasing away from the equator. Climate, especially temperature, appears to be the most influential predictor of polyploid distribution. However, we find this effect to be mostly indirect, mediated predominantly by variation in plant lifeforms and, to a lesser extent, by taxonomical composition and species richness. Thus, our study presents an emerging view of polyploid distribution that highlights attributes that facilitate the establishment of new polyploid lineages by providing polyploids with sufficient time (that is, perenniality) and space (low species richness) to compete with pre-adapted diploid relatives.
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