Hexabromocyclododecane: concentrations and isomer profiles from sources to environmental sinks
| Authors | |
|---|---|
| Year of publication | 2018 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Web | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-018-3381-4 |
| Doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3381-4 |
| Keywords | HBCD; Flame retardants; Atmospheric transport; Sources; Isomer profiles; Consumer products |
| Description | Concentrations and isomer compositions of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) were measured in six matrices in the Czech Republic (HBCD technical mixture; consumer products; indoor and outdoor air at industrial, urban and background locations; soils; and sediments) to provide insight into changes in concentrations and isomer profiles between environmental sources and environmental sinks. A distinct gradient of air concentrations was observed, from 1600ng/m(3) in the industrial area to <10pg/m(3) in urban and background air. Isomer profiles also showed a distinct gradient in air, from 95% -HBCD in industrial air to 40% -HBCD in background air, suggesting the influence of differential atmospheric transport and phototransformation of - to -HBCD. Concentrations and isomer compositions in consumer products were highly variable and indicated differences between products with intentional addition of HBCD as a flame retardant versus those with HBCD as an impurity, e.g., from recycled plastic. Understanding the isomer-specific environmental distributions and processes remains important for risk assessment and toxicology, considering the continued use of HBCD and the isomer-specific differences in uptake, metabolism, and toxicity, and further, demonstrates the utility of isomer profiles to better understand environmental processes of HBCDs. |
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