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Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for both mother and child, both in the short term (peripartum morbidity) and in the long term (postpartum diabetes or fetal programming). Several studies have looked at (post) birth complications of children of mothers with GDM, but relatively few prospective studies have looked at continuous follow-up of these children. A higher risk of developing obesity, hypertension or diabetes is expected, as is the case with children of mothers with T2DM. There is no study in the Czech Republic to address this topic. Methodology A group of 592 women (including 496 GDM and 96 healthy pregnant controls) was asked to fill in an electronic questionnaire concerning the determination of basic parameters of their children under three years of age (from the child's health card - weight, height, head circumference, psychomotor development, morbidity). , need for medication / hospitalization, need for specialist monitoring, as well as vaccination status and lactation time). Of the women contacted, 55 completed the questionnaire (48 with GDM and 7 with physiological pregnancies). In 4 women with GDM, some form of impaired glucose tolerance (PGT) persisted after delivery. We evaluated both the differences between the children of women with and without a history of GDM and within a subgroup of children of women with GDM (with and without PGT after delivery). In mothers, the following parameters were compared: age, BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, diabetes (DM) in the family, smoking, parity, overweight / obesity. Results Healthy mothers had a lower family history of DM than women with GDM and were more first-time mothers (P = 0.037 and P = 048, respectively, chi-square test), compared to the subgroup of women with GDM there was significantly more smoking A history of women with post-partum PGT (P = 0.003, chi-square test). No statistically significant differences were found in the monitored parameters between the children of women with GDM or healthy controls, nor in the subgroup of women with GDM with or PGT after delivery, although we can observe certain trends in the results - children of mothers with GDM are less often breastfed than children of healthy mothers. , are less often vaccinated by eye. calendars and more often need treatment by a specialist (mostly allergology and orthopedics). Conclusion The compliance of the respondents was very small (approximately 10% of all respondents, which, however, corresponds to the global trend), therefore reliable statistically significant results cannot be obtained from the given set. The results suggest some differences between the children of women with and without GDM, however, more women need to be recruited.
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