Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria

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Authors

KUSHKEVYCH Ivan PROCHÁZKA Jiří GAJDÁCS Márió RITTMANN Simon K.-M. R. VÍTĚZOVÁ Monika

Year of publication 2021
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source International Journal of Molecular Sciences
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6398
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126398
Keywords molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis; anoxygenic bacteria; hydrogen sulfide; detoxification; anaerobes; water environment
Description There are two main types of bacterial photosynthesis: oxygenic (cyanobacteria) and anoxygenic (sulfur and non-sulfur phototrophs). Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis in the phototrophic microorganisms can differ and depend on their location and pigments in the cells. This paper describes bacteria capable of molecular oxidizing hydrogen sulfide, specifically the families Chromatiaceae and Chlorobiaceae, also known as purple and green sulfur bacteria in the process of anoxygenic photosynthesis. Further, it analyzes certain important physiological processes, especially those which are characteristic for these bacterial families. Primarily, the molecular metabolism of sulfur, which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to elementary molecular sulfur, as well as photosynthetic processes taking place inside of cells are presented. Particular attention is paid to the description of the molecular structure of the photosynthetic apparatus in these two families of phototrophs. Moreover, some of their molecular biotechnological perspectives are discussed.
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