Lidskii angles and Sturmian theory for linear Hamiltonian systems on compact interval

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Authors

ŠEPITKA Peter ŠIMON HILSCHER Roman

Year of publication 2021
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Journal of Differential Equations
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2021.06.037
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2021.06.037
Keywords Linear Hamiltonian system; Lidskii angle; Focal point; Principal solution; Sturmian separation theorem; Limit theorem
Description In this paper we investigate the Sturmian theory for general (possibly uncontrollable) linear Hamiltonian systems by means of the Lidskii angles, which are associated with a symplectic fundamental matrix of the system. In particular, under the Legendre condition we derive formulas for the multiplicities of the left and right proper focal points of a conjoined basis of the system, as well as the Sturmian separation theorems for two conjoined bases of the system, in terms of the Lidskii angles. The results are new even in the completely controllable case. As the main tool we use the limit theorem for monotone matrix-valued functions by Kratz (1993). The methods allow to present a new proof of the known monotonicity property of the Lidskii angles. The results and methods can also be potentially applied in the singular Sturmian theory on unbounded intervals, in the oscillation theory of linear Hamiltonian systems without the Legendre condition, in the comparative index theory, or in linear algebra in the theory of matrices.
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