Soldiers fallen in the Battle of Austerlitz

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Authors	VYMAZALOVÁ Kateřina VARGOVÁ Lenka HORÁČKOVÁ Ladislava KALA Jiří PŘICHYSTAL Michal BRZOBOHATÁ Kristýna FIALOVÁ Dana SKOUPÝ Radim DROZDOVÁ Eva VANÍČKOVÁ Eva
Year of publication	2021
Type	Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source	Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences
MU Faculty or unit	Faculty of Medicine
Citation
Web	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12520-021-01445-7
Doi	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12520-021-01445-7
Keywords	Austerlitz; Czech Republic; Soldiers; War injuries; Slavkov u Brna
Description	During the reconstruction of the cellars of a house in Staňkova Street in Brno (Czech Republic), the human skeletal remains of 12 individuals stored in a common grave pit were discovered. By its arrangement, this grave corresponded to mass burials during war conflicts, epidemics or famines. Using the radiocarbon method, the skeletons were dated to the early nineteenth century, when the Napoleonic Wars took place in Central Europe. A detailed analysis of the osteological collection revealed that young men aged from 20 to 30 years, with an average body height of 167.6 cm, were buried in the grave. On one of the skeletons, a comminuted fracture of the humerus was recorded, probably caused by a gunshot wound; on another, there were visible traces of a surgical procedure — amputation. From the results of the examination, it is possible to assume that these were soldiers who had died in a temporary field hospital. The hypothesis was confirmed by the analysis of dental calculus, in which traces of sulphur and nitrogen were found, which are components of gunpowder. Degenerative changes in the spine and bones of the lower limbs also indicate a huge physical strain when carrying heavy weapons during long marches in heavy military footwear. Genetic determination of the mitochondrial DNA haplogroups revealed three different haplogroups that occur with different frequencies in different parts of Europe. So it is probable that victims of the Battle of the Three Emperors, which took place in nearby Austerlitz (Slavkov u Brna) on 2 December 1805, were buried in the mass grave under study.