Enteroviruses reach cytoplasm by endosome disruption
| Authors | |
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| Year of publication | 2022 |
| Type | Conference abstract |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Description | Enteroviruses, a large group of non-enveloped picornaviruses, are human pathogens causing a range of diseases, from the common cold to poliomyelitis. To initiate infecti- on, enteroviruses enter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. However, the details of enterovirus genome delivery are not well understood. In this project, we used cryo-electron tomography of thin parts of cells grown on electron microscopy grids to characterize the interactions of the cell and enterovirus particles in situ. The reconstructed areas of cells provide information about the endo- some membrane remodeling and disruption, followed by virus release into the cyto- plasm. We demonstrate that the endosome disruption is mediated by overactivation of a cellular mechanism by showing that endocytosis of very-low-density lipoprotein, the natural substrate of rhinovirus 2 receptor, also results in endosome disruption. The described mechanism of human rhinovirus 2 cell entry is supported by data col- lected on other enteroviruses. Our results give overview of the cellular mechanisms that enteroviruses utilize to en- ter cell hosts. The enterovirus cell entry and the release of the viruses from endoso- mes are potential targets for antiviral therapeutics. |
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