Detection of cancer biomarkers using immunoassays with upconversion nanoparticles and magnetic preconcentration

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Authors

SKLENÁROVÁ Dorota MAKHNEVA Ekaterina BRANDMEIER Julian GORRIS Hans-Heiner FARKA Zdeněk

Year of publication 2022
Type Conference abstract
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Description Prostate cancer is the major cause of death in the male population caused by oncologic diseases. Consequently, sensitive detection of disease biomarkers, e.g., prostate-specific antigen (PSA), is essential for early-stage diagnosis and effective treatment. In clinical analysis, immunochemical methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are widely used. However, conventional ELISA is often not sensitive enough for early-stage diagnosis, resulting in the need for alternative approaches. Photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are unique for their anti-Stokes luminescence, because NIR excitation results in the emission of UV/vis light without optical background interference due to autofluorescence. Furthermore, the surface of UCNPs can be modified with a variety of biomolecules such as streptavidin or antibodies. These labels can be used in various immunoassay formats such as the upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA). However, to improve the sensitivity even further, it is necessary to search for new methods. Magnetic microparticles (beads) are a promising alternative for microtiter plate-based immunoassays. Their superparamagnetic properties allow for analyte preconcentration, thus improving the assay sensitivity. We have developed an upconversion-based sandwich immunoassay using magnetic preconcentration for the detection of PSA. Our recent results have reached a limit of detection in the order of 1 pg/mL, which is approximately 20-fold better compared to an ELISA using the same immunoreagents. The higher sensitivity demonstrates the potential of using magnetic microparticles combined with UCNPs for the immunochemical detection of cancer biomarkers.
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