Game of thrones among AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs—over 30 years of MONOPTEROS research
| Authors | |
|---|---|
| Year of publication | 2023 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Journal of Experimental Botany |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| web | https://academic.oup.com/jxb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jxb/erad272/7224461 |
| Doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erad272 |
| Keywords | Arabidopsis thaliana; Auxin; Embryogenesis; Flowering; Meristem; Plant; Transcription factor; Vascularization |
| Description | For many years, research has been carried out with the aim of understanding the mechanism of auxin action, its biosynthesis, catabolism, perception, and transport. One central interest is the auxin-dependent gene expression regulation mechanism involving AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) transcription factors and their repressors, the AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) proteins. Numerous studies have been focused on MONOPTEROS (MP)/ARF5, an activator of auxin-dependent gene expression with a crucial impact on plant development. This review summarizes over 30 years of research on MP/ARF5. We indicate the available analytical tools to study MP/ARF5 and point out the known mechanism of MP/ARF5-dependent regulation of gene expression during various developmental processes, namely embryogenesis, leaf formation, vascularization, and shoot and root meristem formation. However, many questions remain about the auxin dose-dependent regulation of gene transcription by MP/ARF5 and its isoforms in plant cells, the composition of the MP/ARF5 protein complex, and, finally, all the genes under its direct control. In addition, information on post-translational modifications of MP/ARF5 protein is marginal, and knowledge about their consequences on MP/ARF5 function is limited. Moreover, the epigenetic factors and other regulators that act upstream of MP/ARF5 are poorly understood. Their identification will be a challenge in the coming years. |
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