Jamův soud: tibetský obraz pekla

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Title in English Yamas Tribunal: Vision of Hell in Tibet
Authors

BĚLKA Luboš

Year of publication 2005
Type Article in Proceedings
Conference Kováč Milan - Kovács Attila - Podolinská Tatiana, eds. Cesty na druhý svet
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Arts

Citation
Field Philosophy and religion
Keywords Yama; Hell; Tibetan Buddhism; Eschatology
Description Tibetan Buddhist conception of hells includes also the Judge of the Dead Dharmaraja Yama. The figure is not of Tibetan or Buddhist origin; we can trace back the concept of the afterlife judgement as far as the old Vedic tradition. The hells are full of suffering, torture and all kinds of pain, while the cold hells are much worse than the hot ones. The information about Tibetan Buddhist conception of hells comes from various texts and visual depictions including illustrations to texts like Tibetan Book of the Dead or a picture of the lower part of the wheel of life (Sa. Bhavachakra). In this contribution, a rare picture of hells with Yama's judgement is published for the first time. In the article, such topics are discussed as the localization of the hells, the relationship between the hells and other world, the concept of the intermediate state (Tib. Bardo) especially in context of normative and lived Buddhism or Nirvana oriented and Karma oriented Buddhism.
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